Updated Link: https://content.instructables.com/pdfs/EFF/HE11/GGPEXDME/Identify-Metals.pdf
This page covers a wide range of metals from Aluminum, Steel, Iron, Copper, and more!
That link above no longer works. Here are some methods I can think of
Non-destructive Tests
- Density
- magnetism
- Appearance
Destructive Tests
- corrosion behavior
- spark test or flame tests or metal light spectroscope is you have a proper lab
- Hardness tests
- tensile test